On the Collective Solution of Collective Problems in a Polarized Society
Keeping the title and
subtitle in mind, let's begin with a series of quotations from the first
chapter of Hans Toch's "ancient" but very relevant Social Psychology
of Social Movements (New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1965).
"Such... movements
serve to provide otherwise unavailable services, to protest indignities, to
escape suffering, to release tension, to explain confusing events, or in some
other way to create a more tolerable way of life..."
"...they must be
aimed at promoting or resisting change... [an] effort designed to correct,
supplement, overthrow, or in some fashion influence the social order."
"For the
psychologist, these kinds of efforts... must stem from specific discontents of
specific people... They must represent the kinds of difficulties people
[believe] can be resolved through collective action..."
"From predisposition
to susceptibility:
"For a person to be
led to join a social movement, he must not only sense a problem, but must also
(1) [believe] that something can be done about it, and (2) want to do something
about it himself. At the very least, he must [believe] that the status quo is
not inevitable, and that change is conceivable."
"When a person
searches for meaning, he can be defined as 'susceptible' to social movements,
although susceptibility here is a matter of degree. A mild increase in
susceptibility would involve a slight lowering of... resistance to available
solutions. The person would tend to listen with increasing care to proposals
which he could view as relating to his problem. He would be less likely to
reject then out of hand or to try to find flies in the ointment that promised
him a cure.
"A strong increase in
susceptibility creates 'gullibility...' It involves a tendency to jump at
promising propositions, and a readiness to adopt them. A person in this
condition may seem to go out of his way to make himself available as a
prospective member."
"Many susceptible
persons simply wait with an air of quiet expectancy for the Answer to present
itself. Susceptibility, in these cases, is no more that a readiness to accept,
or -- in the words of William James -- a 'will to believe.'"
"This type of result
occurs because susceptibility, unlike virtue, is usually rewarded. The Winter
of Discontent evokes the Summer of Faith -- presupposing, of course, an
intermediate season, in which new meanings become available for adoption."
"Social movements...
must demonstrate their ability to furnish solutions which make it worth
expending time, energy, and dedication. They must publicize offerings which
people can find useful and desirable."
"Any aspect of a
social movement that succeeds in 'selling' the movement by attracting members
to it becomes an appeal. Appeals are psychologically relevant commodities.
They are features of the movement that tie into the susceptibilities of
[certain] people."
"Appeals acquire
meaning because they address themselves to susceptibilities. Since
susceptibilities arise out of human problems, appeals must contain offers to
solve [such] problems."
"In each case, the
group specifies the state of mind it feels it can respond to, and outlines its
brand of solution for the person's [particular] problem. When someone of the
kind described comes to [believe] that the prescription could serve his needs,
the movement's message becomes
certified as an appeal [to him]."
I want to proceed in two
separate directions from these quotations:
1) An investigation of the
grasp and utilization of such psychological factors by the UPPER LEVELS on the
cultic pyramids described in A 10-Level Pyramid Model & Psychodynamics of Cult Organization, to appeal to, intrigue and ensnare prospective members at
the LOWER LEVELS of the same cultic pyramids; and
2) Have a brief look at
how these appeal-and-capture (or "bait-and-hook") devices are used by
those who have been conditioned, socialized and normalized to "true belief"
in the values, doctrines and ostensible policies of major political
organizations via earlier participation in large group awareness and/or human
potential cults (because this is an increasingly widespread phenomenon in
political organizations worldwide).
First, let's look into
Item 1 above.
Any unexamined belief or
collection thereof predisposes those who grew up in and never learned about --
nor escaped from -- Tart's "consensus trance" to be susceptible to
seduction and manipulation by others ranging from those (generally at the top
two levels on any cultic pyramid) who are aware of the trance to those who
may not be (generally at the lower and middle levels), but who are...
a)
"true believers" in Hoffer's sense of the term, and...
b) given to
imitating the authoritarian behavior of their superiors on higher pyramid
levels, whether or not they understand what they are or doing or why they are
doing it.
(The interpersonal,
dominance-and-submission dynamics here are exhaustively discussed by such as
Adorno, Altemeyer, Asch, Bandura, Baumrind, Berger et al, Bermann, Bowen, Bradshaw, Branden, Brown, Brummelman et al, Carnes, Crosswhite et al, Erickson, Evans, Forward, Freud, Friel & Friel, Fromm, Gao, Golomb, Henry,
Hoffer, Mastersson, Mellody, Milgram, A. Miller, A. G. Miller, Millon, Payson, Simon, Vaknin and Zimbardo
in their work on interpersonal conditioning in the general population, as well
as by Arterburn & Felton, Conway & Siegelman, Deikman, Firman & Gila, Galanter, Harris, Hassan, Hood et al, Kramer & Alstad, Langone, Lifton, Meerloo, Ross, Schein, Singer, Tart,
Taylor, and Wright with respect to cults in particular.)
Moreover, those who were
conditioned, socialized and normalized as children to indoctrination,
instruction and programming -- either in their Karpman Drama Triangle
-organized families of origin and/or in highly assertive, morally
perfectionistic, authoritarian, (often "hyper-religious") environments -- are likely to have
been "set up" to "...protest indignities, ...escape
suffering, ...release tension, [try to] explain confusing events, or in some
other way... create a more tolerable way of life..." but do so by seeking
replication of the exact same unseen authoritarian, dominance-and-submission
dynamics in a "new and (seemingly) different" environment.
(How many depressed, ex-guilty Catholics;
disgusted, ex-doctrinaire Protestants; and neurotic, ex-Orthodox Jews does one
encounter in the growing legions of cult exiters in America? Answer: A lot.)
"For the
psychologist, these kinds of efforts... must stem from specific discontents of
specific people... They must represent the kinds of difficulties people
[believe] can be resolved through collective action..."
"For a person to be led to
join a social movement, he must not only sense a problem, but must also (1)
[believe] that something can be done about it, and (2) want to do something
about it himself. At the very least, he must [believe] that the status quo is
not inevitable, and that change is conceivable."
And so, the aggrieved
begin to look for The Way Out of problems they continue to barely be able to
define and generally have almost no recognition of cause.
"The person would
tend to listen with increasing care to proposals which he could view as relating
to his problem. He would be less likely to reject then out of hand or to try to
find flies in the ointment that promised him a cure."
Combine desperation with
little or no development of empirical observation skills -- nor much if any
ability to separate the wheat from the chaff (or the chicken s--t from the
chicken salad), and you have the "perfect marks" for the Willful
Slaves, the Cynics and the Sociopaths at the top three levels of the cultic pyramid to point their conditioning, socialization and normalization efforts
toward. ("Go get 'em. They're ready and willing to hear our message of
salvation.") (Or supposed, but not actual, "enlightenment.")
"A strong increase in
susceptibility creates 'gullibility...' It involves a tendency to jump at promising
propositions, and a readiness to adopt them. A person in this condition may
seem to go out of his way to make himself available as a prospective
member."
The well-managed cult is a
study in what veteran sales people call "qualifying the prospect."
(Why bother with those who don't sense a need for or value in the product?) In
cults, however, the qualifying goes on and on... all the way to level nine on the pyramid.
As one of the better
de-programmers on LA's west side told me years ago, "It works like this.
At first, it's 'Will you consider this?' Then it's 'Will you do this for The
Cause?' Then it's 'Will you give up some other things in your life?' Then it's 'Will you suffer a little bit more for Us?' Then it's 'Will you show us your
willingness to rationalize that the ends justify whatever means we demand?' Then it's 'Will
you gain our approval by hurting those who would hurt Us?' Then it's 'Will you
go drop that bastard off the end of the pier when I tell you to?'"
"This type of result
occurs because susceptibility, unlike virtue, is usually rewarded. The Winter
of Discontent evokes the Summer of Faith -- presupposing, of course, an
intermediate season, in which new meanings become available for adoption."
Feeling better (for a
time, at least) during what still seems to be his Summer of Faith, the member
at the Lab Rats, Gluttons for Punishment, and Willful Slaves levels is still
driven to seek the approval of his masters... even as he fails to see that
summer has turned to fall -- or even winter -- as he works himself to a frazzle
to "carry the message of hope" and/or maxes out his credit cards to
pay for the next multi-media study program or series of seminars.
Okay, I think you get the
picture. So let's move on to Item 2.
Years of buying into (and
then out of) -- plus many more years of playing footsy with -- an array of corrupted
Buddhist & Hindu, evangelical fundamentalist, human potential, large group
awareness, multi-level marketing, ostensible psychotherapy and other types of
cults habituated my ability to use the first eight of the 10 StEPs of Emotion Processing to observe to notice to recognize (etc.) who was doing what to whom
in such "collectives." So when I agreed to accompany an acquaintance
to a political party orientation seminar and saw, heard and otherwise sensed
the use of at least a dozen typical cult tactics on the unwary, true-believing volunteers
there, my eyes, ears and sense got real "big."
And when I got back to my
office, I got right on my computer and started looking for clues. It took me
about a half-hour to find them: Landmark Worldwide (nee Landmark Education, nee
Landmark Forum, nee The Forum, nee est) had accomplished much the same set of
objectives on one end of the ever-widening polarity of American politics as the
CoS had on the other. (Not surprisingly, the techniques and even the lingo are
pretty similar, but Werner knew a good thing when he saw it in the '60s when L.
Ron and the neuro-linguistic programming boys already had some pretty effective tools
on their shelves.)
Fast forward from the days
when I was first aware of est's probing into the political spectrum (the
mid-'70s) and CoS's considerable success getting it's people into positions of
power in the '80s. By the early '00s, both organizations had made major inroads
into a number of state and national party structures. Moreover, they'd all but
taken over the operations of some of the fast-growing political action
committees (or "PACs") on both ends of philosophical continuum.
I cannot say for sure how
much impact est and CoS have had along with that of the pseudo-Christian,
evangelical fundamentalists (think Pat Robertson and Jerry Falwell, both of
whom led high-profile political movements), and even the Asian pseudo-meditation
cults like Sun Myung Moon's Unification Church, which owns the Washington
Times.
But figure this: During the time these groups became bigger and bigger players
(CoS bought a former embassy building in Washington DC some years ago, and
reportedly has used it as "celebrity center" for elected and
appointed officials, as well as PAC leaders), American politics became more and
more... extreme. The big cults have big money. And big money can buy a lot of
influence with politicians and spinmeisters who are addicted to that stuff as
the fuel of self-empowerment.
Considering the manner in
which the "True Believers" see the stakes of the political games
during the new age of "populism" and "accepted extremism,"
is it any surprise that they would enlist the technocrats of "thought
reform" and "mind control" to empower their efforts?
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